Description
This was going to be my entry for The Map of the Forthnight 156 on alternatehistory.com but it was hopelessly delayed.
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This map is from the same universe as my Greek Cyrenaica map. With Napoleon being the Greek King, the Directory never was overthrown during the coup of 18 Brumaire. With a massive exodus of French military leaders and Revolutionaries to Napoleon’s Greece, The war with Austria was a complete disaster. The Austrians Restored the Bourbon in March 1800 and France was reduced to it 1792 size.
1803 and 1805 saw failed Jacobin revolt (who refused to leave France) and it became clear to the rest of the world Bourbonist France could not survive without it neighbours help, who were rewarded with more and more territory each intervention (with Sardinia gaining the Provencal Tripoli-areas (Grasse, Cannes, Antibes). In December of 1806 even Monarchists became disgruntled with the continued loss of French territory, so much so that Southern lords struck a deal with Orléanists to try and overthrow the Bourbon Monarchy and set up a legitimate, Constitutional Monarchy.
With France in bloody civil war again, the other European great powers regarded France as a lost cause and intervene in April of 1807. Sardinia advanced from Savoy and Nizza (Nice) towards the Rhône River, getting help from the Orléanist Southern Lords along the way. During the 1810 treaty of Orléans peace talks the European great powers decided to incorporate as much French territory as was possible into strong and stable nations. The Sardinians annexed everything East of the Rhône, The Papal States were regiven the Comtat Venaisin and they and Spanish backed an Orléanist, Constitutional state in Occitania.
Lombardy and the Central Italian States who had known a short moment of unification through the Cisalpine Republic, never really shook off that idea. With a smaller Central Italian rebellion being violently crushed by their Habsburgs overlords, nationalism kept growing and growing. With the Austrians being more focussed on the newly acquired territory in the West, the Hungarians rose up for their independence in 1813. The Central Italians saw this as there ideal moment for a popular uprising backed by Sardinia, which ended with Lombardy being ceded to Sardinia and a creation of ‘United Italian States’ Sardinian Puppet.
In 1815 Sardinia incorporated Liguria and signed the Marble pact with Napoleonic Greece, which was extended with Naples after the 1826 victory over the Ottomans. When in 1831 a popular revolt against the Napolitan Bourbons broke out, it was supported the Sardinians effectively ending Bourbon rule and making Naples a Sardinian Dependency. After a Second war finishing off the Ottomans in 1839 Sardinia occupied Palestine and began talks with the Papal States hoping the trade the Holy Land for the Roman Marches. In May 1843 the Treaty of Assisi was signed where the Italians gave over control of the Holy Land to the Papal States and gained Romagna, most of Lazio and the Roman Marches. With Sardinia and Naples now sharing a border the two States were unified, the Capital was moved to Firenze and the Kingdom of Italy was declared.
Having lost the Holy Land Italy began colonizing Tunisia in 1845. In 1856 tensions between Europe and Russia began to run high with Russia closing off the Black Sea for trade, seizing foreign merchant ships and their cargo and imprisoning or killing foreign nationals for Piracy. The lack of trade did damage to Marble Pact members and they joined British, French and German fleets trying to lift the blockade. Soon after hostilities broke out, Italy and its allies landed troop on the Crimean Peninsula. The Greeks and British laid siege to Sebastopol while the French were sacking Simferopol and the Italians occupied the former Genoan colonies. In the Treaty of Lemberg following 2 years of continued occupation of Crimea a peace was brokered and the Crimean Peninsula was divided into Occupation zones.
Italy joined the Great War of 1907 against German Empire and its Hungarian ally; emerging victorious it was allowed to annex Venice and Istria and was given protectorship over the Hungarian Crownland of Illyria (OTL Albania, Montenegro,etc.). Being disgruntled with the cost of the war, the limited expansion of ‘rightful Italian land’, a lack of change in politics and government the Political ideology of Fascism began to spread throughout the country, culminating in the so-called ‘March on Rome’.
Mussolini won over the Country even more when in 1922 in his 2nd year as prime minister he signed the ‘Vatican Treaty’; where the Papal States handed over the Comtat Venaisin, the City of Assisi and the Province of Rome except for the Leonine City and the Santa Maria Maggiore over to Italy and Mussolini moved the Capital to Rome. In 1925 he traded Geneva for Gex, in 1928 Italy officially annexed Durazzo and Valona and in 1936 invaded Ethiopia.
In 1938, despite the mounting cost of turning Ethiopia into a workable colonial possession, Italy and the rest of the Marble Pact decides to attack and dismember Yugoslavia. As it is a clear violation of their League of Nations membership Britain, France and Burgundy are prepared to intervene but are halted by the OTL German invasion of Poland. Mussolini gives reassurances to Britain, Burgundy and France that he does not intend to side with Hitler and join the war and only taking the Dalmatian coast and Slovenia from Yugoslavia. That Croatia was released didn’t bother them at all as the focus had been switched to Germany.
When in 1942 Germany invaded Croatia, Italy provided resistance groups with funding and weapons. Italy and the rest of the Marble Pact approached the Allies after the Liberation of Paris proposing to open up a Third front, in order to minimize Soviet advances through Europe. Churchill was thrilled someone else saw the danger of a Soviet occupied Eastern Europe and agreed. With Germany's surrender, the Marble Pact solidifies its conquests with annexing Carinthia and Styria by Italy, a puppet Tyrol, Northern Styria given to the Slovenes living in Italy and Greece made gains in the Morava valley. Italian Prince Aimone became Prince-regent of Zeta and Zeta became a full member of the Marble Alliance. In a 1945 referendum the Italian Occupation zone of Crimea choose not to join the British and French zone to form the Yiddish Republic and officially became part of Italy.
In 1947 King Victor Emmanuel II died and was succeeded by his son Umberto II. People became angry with their King, who seemed more interested in vacationing in the summer palace in Ragusa or his private villa on Curzola, only being in Rome very little. After a referendum in 1948 the people voted to abolish the monarchy. The people of Ragusa however, seeing their King very regularly, rallied to his cause and rejected the abolition. Meanwhile in Zeta Prince Aimone died unexpectedly and with his son only being 5years old the Zetan government appointed King Umberto II as his successor.
The death of Benito Mussolini in 1966 starts the process of democratization of the Marble Pact; its members begin joining NATO. The rogue Ragusa Province was handed over to Zeta after negotiations between the two countries. In 1968 the Italian Colony of Adalia was handed over to Turkey except the city of Adalia it self. In 1970 Ethiopia and Tunisia was handed Independence, except the city of Tunis itself.