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Built4ever — Perspective Drawing Tutorial: A Cottage Home

Published: 2013-10-03 16:39:18 +0000 UTC; Views: 61220; Favourites: 951; Downloads: 0
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Description In many ways this is one of the most important drawings that I have ever submitted to this particular site, mostly because I have been asked numerous times over the last few years, either in comments sections or through private "notes," how do I do this, how do I draw perspective, how do I come up with these designs, etc. Make no mistake, it takes years and years of practice to get good at this essentially obsolete and esoteric art form. Hopefully, this rather large file will help illustrate the madness of hand-drawn perspective illustration drawn using my typical methods.

Admittedly, it's missing a bit of information on two-point perspective and it's principles. You can simply look that up on the internet. For example, I left out the horizon line, something you might see on Google Sketchup. The idea is to build up a simple geometric shape which represents the "massing" and outlines of the house, based on main exterior walls, floor planes, and fairly complicated roof structure arrangements. It's important for the first outlines to be reasonably accurate or the house will have incorrect or skewed perspective lines. Sometimes later I "tweak" perspective lines a bit to achieve better accuracy.

Once you have the basic shape of the home sketched in, you can start to add details and "wings" to the house like the garage addition and the master suite to the right. All the while, you should have either a rough idea or an actual floor plan in mind as you lay this out. You can start to design a house like this, with no plan at all, and call it a concept sketch, OR, this can be a final rendering of a set of complete floor plans and elevations. I do both!

Getting a feel for perspective angles is very mysterious and difficult for many artists. To understand it, it's a good idea to sketch houses from life (sit on the curb and draw an old house!), draw AND trace from photos of houses, and draw rough perspective sketches of your own designs into a sketchbook. Practice, practice, practice!

Final details look correct when you actually know how a house goes together. For example, it helps to have a clear understanding of porch framing to draw clearly the porch piers, the beams they support, and the corner brackets. Yes, I DO build this stuff, all the time.

Finally, don't neglect landscaping plants. I also personally do gardening and installation of landscape plants on my own property, so I have a working knowledge of basic landscaping plants, trees, flowers, and how to draw them. Usually, on these types of illustrations, a simple tree line behind the house is enough to suggest how the home will actually look on a particular property.

Technical: The six drawings above are pencil drawings executed in sheets of 8 and a half by 11 inch paper, mostly HB, H, and 2H pencils, scanned, assembled, and labeled with software.

Anybody may use this as they please, except for commercial purposes. I may see a lively discussion on this piece in the comments. Feel free to speak your mind, ask more questions, critique, or whatever. You can send me a private "note" too.
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Comments: 76

Built4ever In reply to ??? [2017-11-10 23:23:32 +0000 UTC]

Thanks, yes, I should finish up the plan on this one, it's about half done really.

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MercenaryX In reply to Built4ever [2017-11-11 05:31:10 +0000 UTC]

Can you figure out the clue movie house?

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MercenaryX In reply to Built4ever [2017-11-11 05:30:48 +0000 UTC]

I want a copy.

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guitartom47 [2016-01-20 21:53:34 +0000 UTC]

All of these should be a book. I'm very happy to be able to see and look through all of these images online though! Thanks so much for sharing your art!

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Built4ever In reply to guitartom47 [2016-01-20 23:13:17 +0000 UTC]

Thanks. Book is coming, maybe a few books I'm sure. Might try to do a test print of a short one soon.

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jazzman64 [2015-08-30 17:59:48 +0000 UTC]

This is very helpful. Thank you.

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Built4ever In reply to jazzman64 [2015-09-01 02:16:52 +0000 UTC]

No prob, glad to help.

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zarbor [2014-08-22 02:14:13 +0000 UTC]

This is really great! I always have trouble with the perspective vanishing points and this helps a lot.

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Built4ever In reply to zarbor [2014-08-22 11:58:48 +0000 UTC]

Good. These types of renderings are not easy to do...

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moonsgalery [2014-07-23 23:53:33 +0000 UTC]

Oh dear god! I've searched for a tutorial like this my role life, thank you.

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Built4ever In reply to moonsgalery [2014-07-24 02:49:45 +0000 UTC]

Sure, hope it helps...

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Flok7 [2013-12-20 14:31:19 +0000 UTC]

How do you decide where to place the two vanishing points?

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Built4ever In reply to Flok7 [2013-12-21 14:38:53 +0000 UTC]

Good question. It's a mysterious process that probably involves trial and error on a specific piece and years of foolin' with it on hundreds. I usually don't actually find the points because they are "off the paper" and I can just estimate how important lines should converge. Some guys like to draw "steeper" lines, which makes the building look more dramatic. The point of view would be much closer. I like a more gentle angle, as if from the street. Try playing around with drawing a "two-story" rectangular box with different points. Do quick exercises to get the skill. Do five of 'em. You can vary the point of view of the eyeball too. View the building from on the ground. View the building from a hill looking straight at the roof and slightly down on the building. Try basic rectangular shapes in Google sketchup too, very easy and instructive. Then, "walk" around the building and watch what happens. Once you "get it" try more complicated shapes with roof gables, arches, etc.

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Flok7 In reply to Built4ever [2014-01-07 01:19:04 +0000 UTC]

Thanks so much for the input! I will try it out and post the results. I've used Google sketchup before so I'll play around with it some more

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Roskvape [2013-10-25 02:25:35 +0000 UTC]

Like a true professional, you make it look so easy.

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Built4ever In reply to Roskvape [2013-10-25 22:03:36 +0000 UTC]

AH, but 'tis so complicated, truly...

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Roskvape In reply to Built4ever [2013-11-14 02:18:44 +0000 UTC]

Hehehe

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Rejvaik [2013-10-18 01:51:49 +0000 UTC]

Now that is a tutorial!

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f700es [2013-10-07 14:35:07 +0000 UTC]

Great tutorial Might have to kick my son of the drafting table, he uses it as a desk, and break out my old drafting pencils and triangles

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Built4ever In reply to f700es [2013-10-07 18:25:02 +0000 UTC]

Yes! And French curves! Don't forget a sharpener.

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MadArlequim [2013-10-07 08:55:58 +0000 UTC]

Now that's is a nice tutorial!

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yellowflowerevy [2013-10-07 01:22:58 +0000 UTC]

i love you for this

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Built4ever In reply to yellowflowerevy [2013-10-07 18:23:47 +0000 UTC]

Kissy kiss smooch...

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yellowflowerevy In reply to Built4ever [2013-10-08 06:20:29 +0000 UTC]

yay

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HusseinHorack [2013-10-06 16:46:01 +0000 UTC]

Woah great tutorial!! Gotta do something after I finish my Minecraft stuff..

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LimitlessEndeavours [2013-10-06 03:18:28 +0000 UTC]

Super tutorial! I am struggling with drawing our possible future house, especially drawing in perspective. With this tutorial it doesn't look so impossible! Thank you very much for sharing this!

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Built4ever In reply to LimitlessEndeavours [2013-10-07 18:23:24 +0000 UTC]

Sure, good luck!

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Nebride7 [2013-10-06 00:02:29 +0000 UTC]

Very cool.  You make it looks so easy.

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JessicaKingstone [2013-10-05 10:51:50 +0000 UTC]

Oh wow, this is incredibly useful! Thanks for sharing it with us  

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Built4ever In reply to JessicaKingstone [2013-10-05 12:14:08 +0000 UTC]

Good, thanks, I was hoping this would answer some questions for specific people...

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vonzott [2013-10-04 21:23:19 +0000 UTC]

VERY nice tutorial!  Love it!

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Built4ever In reply to vonzott [2013-10-05 00:22:14 +0000 UTC]

OHHH there's Vonzott, I wuz lookin' at yer corset pics yesterday he he...thanks man...

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vonzott In reply to Built4ever [2013-10-05 01:21:14 +0000 UTC]

Heh ... they's old, they is.  I should probably, you know, do something new.  Maybe I will!


Thanks!

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Built4ever In reply to vonzott [2013-10-05 12:24:51 +0000 UTC]

Yes! Update us with your newest pleasures and fancies he he...

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1nsignia [2013-10-04 15:03:04 +0000 UTC]

Great tutorial, thank you so much

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Built4ever In reply to 1nsignia [2013-10-04 16:52:31 +0000 UTC]

no prob...

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thesvetislav [2013-10-04 11:19:46 +0000 UTC]

And agree! Respect!

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Built4ever In reply to thesvetislav [2013-10-04 13:35:40 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!

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Debstarr [2013-10-04 06:44:39 +0000 UTC]

Great tutorial! Thank you for that.
I've always admired your work and only recently started practicing on drawing buildings myself. This will be great help!

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Built4ever In reply to Debstarr [2013-10-04 13:35:32 +0000 UTC]

Good, hope it helps...

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Curtp21 [2013-10-04 04:11:43 +0000 UTC]

Excellent tutorial.  I'm a big admirer of your work.  (I've been working in residential design myself for 17 years...). You mentioned that you do all of your drawing on 8 1/2 x 11 paper.  How large are these sketches typically?  Are they taking up a full sheet in landscape orientation, or do you keep the paper in portrait orientation?

Either way, fantastic work.  I really enjoy browsing through your works.

I'd also love to know your viewpoint on using pattern and proportion in design (such as the golden rectangle and regulating lines).  I've recently read "the old way of seeing" and have started to use these principles in my own home designs.  Some of the old French country homes seem to achieve harmony without using such methods.  I've yet to discover the true magic in those designs... 

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Built4ever In reply to Curtp21 [2013-10-04 13:12:57 +0000 UTC]

Yes, VG, I'm glad you brought this topic up. I've experimented with the golden means proportions, but in practice, they are very difficult to use. I have other rules I follow regarding proportions. For example, I try to avoid 12/12 pitch gables facing forward. They are unharmonious for some reason. 


But in regards to patterns and such, I find one philosophy very useful: the principle of subdivision. All things in nature are subdivided into smaller and small units and patterns, which "look good" to the human eye. In contrast, we cannot make sense of a 10'x12' rectangle of homogeneous material like plate glass or concrete. It looks alien or unnatural. To achieve visual beauty, which is very important to the human eye, we must subdivide as much as possible any surface we create!


For example, it's easy to subdivide a window into a grid of 6 rectangles over 6 rectangles to create a standard colonial style double hung window. Brick can have patterns built in, different color bricks for bands, and bricks corbeled out at different intervals, creating visual interest as well structural opportunities like buttresses. All interior walls have many opportunities to be subdivided into panels of an infinite sort really. 


An important concept is understanding HOW to subdivide. That is, there are levels and proportions in subdividing. For example, if I subdivide a window pane into four long rectangles, like in a typical bungalow window, top pane only, the proportion is 4 to 1. Now here's where it gets tricky. I can use a 3 to 1 (thirds) or 4 to 1 (fourths) proportion system to subdivide the previous subdivision!! Get it? That creates tremendous richness and continuously reduces the scale of subdividing, down to the almost invisible, if you choose. At a small level (fractions of an inch) subdividing can just be a TEXTURE. Think of half-timbering, which might have 5 and a half inch wide lumber (1x6s) spaced out at 16 inch intervals, creating a 16inch wide panel of "roughcast" (gravel like rough stucco texture), the "bumps" of which are 3/4 of an inch wide on average. Proportion system here is 16", 5 and a half", and 3/4". That's a proportion system of 3 to 1 (panel to board) and 7 to 1 (board to texture.) Got it? excellent system there! That's why I use various half-timbering in upper panels like gables all the time.


More tricks: NOW, subdivide in the vertical direction DIFFERENTLY. Length of panel 7 feet, divide by A NEW size board, like 1x8, and create a lower panel 2 feet high! See how it works? Creates tremendous visual richness.


The reason I wrote so much on this is because I'm planning a primer on these principles, which modernist doctrine threw into the garbage can as unnecessary and old-fashioned. I consider them to be almost like "holy" principles. I planning a set of sketches to illustrate these ideas, so the words above might serve as the beginning of my notes actually... 

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Curtp21 In reply to Built4ever [2013-10-05 03:44:26 +0000 UTC]

Excellent!

I cannot wait for your tutorials on these subjects.  Modern day architecture schools rarely even touch on how to design in the "old" ways.  It's even harder to find books on the subject.  Anything you are willing to share is greatly welcome.


As for the golden ratio and the Fibonacci sequence, I've found that the two work hand in hand.  A 3x5 window with a head height of 8 feet is always a sure bet.  Likewise, a bank of 3 double hung windows that form an overall mulled unit of 8 feet x 5 feet... Pure magic.  Throw in a 3x8 front door... Or a 5x8 set of double doors... And it works every time.  Likewise if you make all of the double hung windows cottage style... It adds to the design even more.


If you have any further insight on the rules behind Tudor and French country design, pleas share!  This stuff is like gold to me!

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Built4ever In reply to Curtp21 [2013-10-05 12:24:06 +0000 UTC]

Like gold you say! We have struck it rich! Yes, I totally agree with the window arrangements you mentioned, I do similar stuff all the time. Glad you have it down to a science a bit, less of an art, more of a rule.


I'll try to concoct more rules and suggestions for Northern French and English Tudor/cottage, similar, but with some specific differences. One difference for example is that French architecture may have large round towers/turrets with cone-shaped roofs, sometimes quite squat, that Tudor generally doesn't have. Half-timbering, however, is common to both.


French architecture is highly preferred and admired amongst the clients and builders of many of America's most premium homes. I here the "French" buzzword more than any other.


Love your pumpkins, man. But, hey where's yer architectural genius at?

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tlclark [2013-10-04 04:02:24 +0000 UTC]

Fantastic tutorial.

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Built4ever In reply to tlclark [2013-10-04 13:34:12 +0000 UTC]

Thanks!

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MitchMitton [2013-10-04 01:08:59 +0000 UTC]

As normal you are far above and your understanding of the method is highly refined

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Built4ever In reply to MitchMitton [2013-10-04 02:03:43 +0000 UTC]

Thanks, and maybe I'll refine it some more. It's quite another art form to express to other people HOW it is you do something, apart from actually doing it...

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jkrende [2013-10-04 01:04:33 +0000 UTC]

The only thing here that surprises me is that you didn't mention outlining the major features witha  heavier line than the details on the "interior"of the drawing.  


That said I am a huge fan of your style.  I have GOT to make a few pieces in your style so help me... but I do have a question:  "last rafters"  - what exactly are these?

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Built4ever In reply to jkrende [2013-10-04 02:01:27 +0000 UTC]

That's just my low brow way of sayin' the fascia board or the barge board, which is the trim board or final rafter that forms the edge of the roof over the gable. You see it? Sometimes they are larger than the rafters. Example: rafters may be 2x6's on an old house, but the trim board is a 1x8. Depending on structure, there may be two rafters PAST the roof line if it is a deep overhang. On old construction they are supported by the brackets. 


About the outlining, I'll have to make myself aware of it really, I'm barely aware of it. Yes, sometimes a dark (for me) HB pencil and draw a heavy outline around the edge of the house, especially the rooflines...

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