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FritzVicari — Relentless Advance, White Mountain, November 1620 by-nc-sa

Published: 2013-04-06 15:13:36 +0000 UTC; Views: 11599; Favourites: 124; Downloads: 74
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Description ENGLISH (based on G.Parker, The Thirty Years' War, V.Brnadic, Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years' War, S.Valzania, Wallenstein, K.Roberts, Pike and Shot Tactics 1590-1660, Ignacio and Ivan Lotario Lopez, The Spanish Tercios, 1536-1700):

In December, 1620, as Bethlen Gabor retreated to his lands to repress a cossack invasion, the siege of Vienna was lifted. The following month, the Transylvanian prince signed a truce with Ferdinand II, thus abandoning Frederick. The Emperor managed to gain support from Spain (which sent Spinola to invade the Palatinate), Saxony and, most important, Bavaria. Maximilian I offered his help and restored the Catholic Leauge, giving the emperor a strong army to count on, asking the title of elector and all land the League would have conquered for himself. While the Palatinate was invaded, the imperialists and the armies of the League regained all the terrain lost to the rebels, town to town. On the 8th of November, outside Prague, near a low hill called the White Mountain (Bílá Hora) 30.000 rebels and mercenaries, under Christian of Anhalt, made their last stand against 27.000.

The Imperialists were commanded by general Bucquoy (which victory at Slabat you may remember [link] ) while the League army was commanded by Johannes Tscaerles, count of Tilly (one of whom you are going to hear a lot about). With white scarves as a field-sign, shouting "Jesus-Maria", the composite, mainly mercenary catholic armies overwhelmed the protestant defenders, which soon lost heart and fled for life.

In the drawing, Imperialists advance in the typical tercio formation, created by the Spaniards and applied by the catholics armies almost everywhere. The pikemen square, deep and not particularly large, kept the center of the formation, being protected by four "sleeves" of musketeers at its angles. The captain, marching in the center with good body armor and a partisan, is followed by an NCO. The NCO is ordering the Bucklers (or Rondartschier, soldiers armed with sword, shield and armor) to deploy before the pikemen to cover their advance from enemy fire.

The battle started at mid-day and before sunset was over, after one or two hours in which little fighting occurred, with entire protestant squadrons retreating. The rebellion was crushed and the bohemian kingdom of Frederick, which lasted less than an year, was over, giving the unlucky prince the nickname of "Winter King". But the war had just begun...

ITALIANO (basato su G.Parker, La guerra dei Trent'anni, V.Brnadic, Imperial Armies of the Thirty Years' War, S.Valzania, Wallenstein, K.Roberts, Pike and Shots Tactics, 1590-1660, Ignacio e Ivan Lotario Lopez, The Spanish Tercios, 1536-1700):

Nel mese di dicembre del 1620, non appena Bethlen Gabor si ritirò nelle sue terre di reprimere un'invasione cosacca, l'assedio di Vienna venne abbandonato. Il mese successivo il principe di Transilvania, firmò una tregua con Ferdinando II, abbandonando così Federico. L'Imperatore riuscì a ottenere il sostegno dalla Spagna (che inviò Spinola a invadere il Palatinato) della Sassonia e, cosa più importante, della Baviera. Massimiliano I offrì il suo aiuto e restaurò la Lega Cattolica, offrendo così all'imperatore un forte esercito su cui contare, e chiese in cambio il titolo di elettore e tutti i territori che la Lega avrebbe conquistato. Mentre il Palatinato veniva invaso, gli imperiali e gli eserciti della Lega riconquistarono tutto il terreno caduto nelle mani dei ribelli, una città dopo l'altra. L'8 novembre, poco fuori le mura di Praga, vicino a un basso rilievo chiamato Montagna Bianca (Bílá Hora) 30,000 ribelli e mercenari, sotto Cristiano di Anhalt, erano pronti all'ultima, disperata resistenza contro i 27,000 di Ferdinando.

Gli imperiali erano comandati dal generale Bucquoy (che forse ricorderete per la vittoria contro Mansfeld a Slabat [link] ) mentre l'esercito Lega era comandato da Johannes Tscaerles, conte di Tilly (una figura di cui parleremo ancora, e molto). Con sciarpe e pezze bianche come segno di riconoscimento, gridando "Gesù-Maria", l'esercito cattolico mise in fuga i difensori protestanti.

Nel disegno, truppe imperiali avanzano nella tipica formazione del Tercio, creata dagli spagnoli e applicata dagli eserciti dell'intera cattolicità. Al centro, il quadrato dei picchieri, protetto agli angoli da quadrati di moschettieri. Il capitano, al centro, protetto da una buona armatura e armato di partigiana, è seguito da un sottufficiale. Il sottufficiale sta ordinando ai rondellieri (o Rondartschier, soldati armati di spada, scudo rotondo, o rondella, e armatura) di schierarsi davanti ai picchieri, per coprirli dal fuoco nemico.

La battaglia iniziò a mezzogiorno e prima del tramonto era già finita, dopo una o due ore di flebile resistenza. La ribellione era stata schiacciata, l'esercito disperso e il regno boemo di Federico, che durò meno di un anno, era finito, dando così allo sfortunato sovrano l'appellativo di Re d'Inverno. Ma la guerra era appena iniziata ...
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Comments: 14

Zeonista [2015-12-30 21:32:02 +0000 UTC]

I like seeing the tercio slowly but steadily moving forward to meet the enemy line of battle. One readily understand how the untried Protestant forces failed in the face of these units.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Zeonista [2016-01-28 12:17:32 +0000 UTC]

Yeah, the first phase of the war, although far more complex than the general textbook sentence "The protestants defenestrated the catholics but were in turn defeated at the pivotal battle of the White Mountain", seemed pretty unbalanced on catholic side. The famous battle of the White Mountain, historical relevance aside, was nothing really "epic". Confronting the sources, I always got the impression that it was an enormous debacle which the protestants, giving their strength, couldn't have possibly avoided. They were destroyed and forced to a general retreat after just an hour of combat. Things would have changed, though, and the Thirty Years' War would have marked the swansong for the Tercio formation.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Zeonista In reply to FritzVicari [2016-02-02 20:32:46 +0000 UTC]

We could be assured that the green units of the Protestants did well on the practice field, but at the moment of engagement they lost their nerve when faced with the tercios steadily advancing forward. It could be noted that the Thirty Years' War saw the real push for trained national armies, since volunteers and militias too often were not up to snuff, and mercenaries were either too ruthless or too touchy about getting paid on time.

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

Orphydian [2014-02-12 18:58:18 +0000 UTC]

this is eye delight for a history lover

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Orphydian [2014-02-12 19:05:19 +0000 UTC]

Thank you very much, I do my best!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Orphydian In reply to FritzVicari [2014-02-12 19:15:35 +0000 UTC]

do y0u play Total war series games?


The series is relly mising a "pike and shot" era seriuos game. Ther is a modification aimed to 30 yeras war by its rather modest.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Orphydian [2014-02-12 20:20:22 +0000 UTC]

I have played Rome and Medieval 2, especially the latter. But even if it's basically simple, I'm always overcautios or overagressive in the world map strategy. Frustration is always behind the corner for a weak strategist such as I am. Still, battles were epic!


I tried 30YW mod with my old pc, but I had lag and only german language issue. I haven't downloaded it again, but it was promising. It's really too bad Total War had a gap between the Middle Ages and the XVIII century. Maybe it's not a very appealing age for general public, who knows.

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

Orphydian In reply to FritzVicari [2014-02-13 11:26:57 +0000 UTC]

me too, I rather excel in battles on multiplayer than on campaign map.  I like to online the mods that people usually use only for singleplayer.


For example Europa barbarorum mod for Rome 1. Has so much fun in it especially when playing with other skilled players. Look at this cahnnels for some online commentary battles witht the mod


www.youtube.com/user/gamegeek2

www.youtube.com/user/jschlat1

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to Orphydian [2014-02-14 11:13:11 +0000 UTC]

I've always heard great words on that mod. I'll surely take a look, thank you!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

LuchoBorello In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-16 05:45:15 +0000 UTC]

You must try Bellum Crucis 7. It's new. I think it will please you very much!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to LuchoBorello [2014-10-16 07:16:12 +0000 UTC]

Yes, having played BC 6 I think the same, I'm waiting for a torrent version. It's too long to download as it is! BTW, 1648 Thirty Years War mod is finally in english and what can I say...a dream came true

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

LuchoBorello In reply to FritzVicari [2014-10-16 12:40:31 +0000 UTC]

Ey, I'm gonna pay it a look, then. But I won't download it since my hard drive hasn't got enough memory anymore. I'm playing La Montee de l'Empire, por Napoleon. Amazing, truly amazing!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0

CapturedJoe [2013-04-06 19:23:45 +0000 UTC]

There is so much going on ther ein your drawing; Great work!

👍: 0 ⏩: 1

FritzVicari In reply to CapturedJoe [2013-04-06 20:15:50 +0000 UTC]

Hey, thank you very much!

👍: 0 ⏩: 0